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Cessation support should be offered regardless of a patients desire to quit, as it may still result in positive change

An evidence review conducted in 2018 by Public Health England (now The Office for Health Improvement and Disparities) found that HTP were likely significantly safer than combustible cigarettes, stating: Compared with cigarette smoke, HTP are likely to expose users and bystanders to lower levels of particulate matter and harmful and potentially harmful compounds.[29] New Zealands government has also highlighted that heated products are considered less harmful than smoked products due to the lack of products of combustion, in a paper outlining proposed cuts to excise duty on HTP.[30] They also stated that HTP offer an alternative to vaping for people who smoke and are struggling to quit using vapes

What we know from non-industry affiliated research is that the aerosols released by IQOS contain several of the same potentially harmful substances found in cigarettes

however, in 2018, the Cole Memo was revoked

It is thought that smoking impairs vascular endothelial function through a decrease in nitric oxide bioavailability induced by activation of oxidative stress and inflammation